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Credit Contraction News, Japan's Tougher Consumer Lending Laws 3-8-07

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  • Credit Contraction News, Japan's Tougher Consumer Lending Laws 3-8-07

    GE Consumer Finance latest casualty of Japanese crackdown

    The move marks another convulsion in Japan's consumer finance industry, which has been clobbered by the stricter lending rules. The harsher business environment has already prompted Citigroup to close 80% of its consumer finance branches in Japan at a cost of $415 million, and has triggered heavy losses at virtually every Japanese consumer finance firm.
    ...

    Analysts say there is concern a decline in lending by consumer finance firms could cause a credit crunch, harming Japan's economic recovery, especially as consumer spending still remains weak amid lackluster growth in wages.
    ---
    U.S. credit-card debt grows at slowest pace in 10 months
    WASHINGTON (MarketWatch) - U.S. consumer credit-card debt growth slowed again in January, rising at an annual rate of just 1.1%, the lowest since last March, the Federal Reserve reported Wednesday. Overall, outstanding consumer debt increased $6.4 billion, or 3.2% annualized, the Fed said. The increase matched the expectations of economists surveyed by MarketWatch. Revolving credit, such as credit cards, increased $816 million, or 1.1%, in January. Nonrevolving credit, such as auto loans, increased $5.63 billion, or 4.2% annualized
    Rhetorical question, why can't people keep borrowing if they can't sustain the debt service?
    ---

    Towel Talk: Flooding the subprime zone

    Dow Jones & Company Inc.'s (NYSE: DJ) Wall Street Journal (A.K.A, The Towel) occupies a unique spot in the media firmament. As I pointed out earlier in the year, it changed its footprint and now looks to me like a Holiday Inn bath towel. Towel Talk offers a perspective on its news and views.

    Last Saturday's Towel hit the declining $1.3 trillion subprime mortgage market hard -- with two articles and the lead editorial. Since the stock market won't be open until Tuesday -- the Towel's timing will either give investors a long time to stew about subprime's woes or to forget them as they ski in Aspen or warm themselves in the Turks and Caicos. But does the Towel's wide coverage also signal the end of the trend?

    The best of the three articles was The Subprime Market's Rough Road [subscription required for all Towel links] since it included statistics which paint a compelling picture of a widening subprime collapse, including the following:

    Subprime loans have grown to 12.75% of the $10.2 trillion mortgage market in 2006, up from 8.5% in 2001
    47% of subprime loans are "creative" -- up from 2% in 2000 -- featuring "piggyback" loans which require no down payment and "no-doc" loans that let borrowers state their incomes without supporting documentation. While this creativity works fine when housing prices rise -- if a borrower defaults, the lender can profit by selling the property -- it does not work when housing prices are going down.
    80% of subprime mortgages are exploding ARMs (adjustable-rate mortgages) with low fixed-interest payments in their first few years which later adjust to higher interest payments. When the ARM adjusts upward, some borrowers can't afford to pay. The resulting foreclosures lead the mortgage company to sell the house to get back some of the loan principal. The sudden increase in the supply of houses on the market puts further downward pressure on prices.
    Nearly 1.2 million foreclosure filings were reported in 2006, up 42% from 2005, representing one in 92 U.S. households. This trend will worsen if interest rates rise.
    Borrowers have never been more leveraged. Loan-to-value ratios, the loan amount expressed as a percent of the property value, have grown to 86.5% last year from 78% in 2000. With all the new supply on the market, these loan-to-value ratios are likely to rise as the values decline. This will mean steeper loan writeoffs for mortgage lenders which will deplete their capital.
    At least 20 subprime lenders have filed for bankruptcy or have been sold. As mortgage-backed securities buyers exercise their rights to force mortgage originators to buy back the bad loans, the loan originators will likely be unable to come up with the buyback cash -- leading more of them to file for bankruptcy.
    Sharp Drop in Housing Starts Adds To Fear of Wider Economic Impact included some other important factoids:

    In November, payments were late -- 60+ days overdue -- on subprime loans packaged into mortgage securities on 12.9% of the loans, up from 8.1% in 2005.
    At one house builder, sales-cancellation rates in Phoenix soared 70% in certain months in 2006, and averaged 50% for the whole year.
    170,000 housing-related jobs have been cut since April 2006
    The Towel's editorial, How Expansions Die, surprised me a bit because it mostly resisted The Towel's editorial bias toward blaming problems on the Al Qaeda-loving, tax-raising Democrat party. However, it could not resist warning that Congressional investigations into predatory lending would lead to tougher lending standards and a further credit crunch.

    Overall I like the Towel's coverage of the subprime mortgage industry and hope it begins to investigate further the subprime value network -- the organizations that lend to, insure, credit rate, regulate, securitize, trade, and invest in subprime mortgages and the mortgage backed securities into which those loans are packaged. Given the growing systemic risk of this evolving problem, a thorough analysis of these links in subprime's value chain is critical to weighing its ultimate economic impact.

    I would really like to know more about the experience of those who took on subprime mortgages. Why did they do it? What were they thinking about the risks? How did things work out? If you've invested in subprime stocks or are paying back a subprime mortgage, what are your thoughts?

    To me it looks like the declining trend is far from ending.

    Peter Cohan is President of Peter S. Cohan & Associates, a management consulting and venture capital firm, He also teaches management at Babson College and edits The Cohan Letter. He has no financial interest in Dow Jones.
    ---

    China’s eyes on dark continent
    The European Investment Bank (EIB) president Philippe Maystadt renewed warnings yesterday about aggressive Chinese lending in Africa, which he said could drive up debt levels dangerously.
    The head of the European Union’s financing arm said the EIB was facing increased competition from Chinese banks in Africa who were willing to lend on easier conditions.“There’s been a few projects (in Africa) that we were working on and which in the end were financed by Chinese banks,” Maystadt said during the presentation of the EIB’s 2006 results.
    He also called on Chinese banks to apply tougher lending conditions on the “economic viability” of projects and “good governance”, and impose environmental and social requirements.
    “For some African countries, if funding comes too easily they are at risk of running up excessive debts,” he said.
    [Emphasis is mine]

    Ah, I find this quite interesting! Can you say "Global Player", how long until they buy enough world support for their claim to have Taiwan under their grip.

    Umm, random thought...

    -Sapiens

  • #2
    Credit Crunch

    http://members.forbes.com/global/200...xes=relstories

    Japan's crackdown on consumer loans is backfiring. U.S. politicians worried about the housing market ought to take notice.
    United States lawmakers pondering the merit of reining in the subprime mortgage market should take a quick look at Japan. Heavy-handed government intervention there is clobbering consumer finance companies, hurting investors and quite likely dampening economic growth.

    In December Shinzo Abe, Japan's prime minister, won parliamentary approval for curbs on financial firms that lend to less creditworthy consumers. They include halving the maximum interest they can charge to around 15% and banning companies from lending a client more than a third of his annual income. (Home mortgages, which carry low interest rates in Japan, are not the problem.)

    The boom in subprime lending grew out of Japan's decade of economic stagnation, on top of a chronic uninterest from banks. The market ballooned to $100 billion a year as housewives took personal loans to balance their household budgets and cash-strapped shoppers borrowed to buy big-ticket items or pay for various vices.

    It was a bonanza for consumer finance companies borrowing at 2% and lending at 29%. Yasuo Takei founded consumer financier Takefuji in 1966. His widow, Hiroko Takei, and her two sons rank 194 on FORBES' global list of billionaires.

    Abe initiated his clampdown after charges of abusive debt collection and a wave of lawsuits accusing lenders of overcharging.

    The new regulations won't take force for another two years, but already Japan's four largest consumer loan providers have started to turn away riskier applicants. In February they trimmed approval rates to 44% from nearly two-thirds a year ago.

    Citigroup (nyse: C - news - people ) in January revealed that its Japan subprime lending unit would post a loss of $370 million for the year, while ge Consumer Finance said in March that it will close 73 of its 115 branches in Japan, which operate under the name Lake, and trim its payroll by up to 400 people. Stock prices of the lenders have dropped sharply-- Takefuji's is down 40% to $39--clipping North American investors, too. Nikkei, the Japanese financial daily, reports that Takefuji is more than half owned by foreigners, including Brandes Investment Partners and Franklin Mutual Advisers.

    The damage is spreading to the general economy, according to Jesper Koll, Merrill Lynch (nyse: MER - news - people )'s chief economist for Japan. "Abe has engineered a credit crunch," he says. Consumers will have to repay more than $50 billion to bring loan levels down to the government's target of a third of income, and that could shave maybe two percentage points off GDP growth, he reckons. Beware of easy fixes.

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